Local anesthetics that metabolize to 2, 6-xylidine or o-toluidine. Final review of toxicological literature. Prepared for the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

Author: Carson BL

Source: Contract

Year: 2000

Comment:

Abstract / Excerpt:

The nomination of amide local anesthetics by a private individual is based on their widespread use in dentistry, general medicine, surgery, and in some consumer products (e.g., topical skin preparations). The amide local anesthetics bupivacaine, etidocaine, lidocaine, mepivacaine, and ropivacaine metabolize to 2,6-xylidine and 4-hydroxyxylidine. Prilocaine metabolizes to o-toluidine. Both 2,6-xylidine and o-toluidine have been shown to be carcinogenic in laboratory animals in NTP studies. Two other amide local anesthetics, pyrrocaine and trimecaine, that were considered for inclusion in this report were excluded after it was found that they are not used in the United States. For these reasons, the local anesthetics reviewed in this report are bupivacaine, etidocaine, lidocaine, mepivacaine, prilocaine, and ropivacaine.

Citation: Carson BL. Local anesthetics that metabolize to 2, 6-xylidine or o-toluidine. Final review of toxicological literature. Prepared for the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Contract.(01).