The purpose of this review is to update the evidence on the health effects of water fluoridation from NHMRC’s 2007 review to assist NHMRC to provide evidence-based guidance on the potential benefits and harms of water fluoridation.
The Food and Drug Administration recently cleared silver diamine fluoride for reducing tooth sensitivity. Clinical trials document arrest and prevention of dental caries by silver diamine fluoride. This off-label use is now permissible and appropriate under U.S. law. A CDT code was approved for caries arresting medicaments for 2016 to facilitate documentation and billing. We present a systematic review, clinical indications, clinical protocol and consent procedure to guide application for caries arrest treatment.
Industrial development, the fluoridation of drinking water, and the use of fluoridated toothpastes all increase the emission of fluorine compounds into the environment. This leads to a significant accumulation of fluoride in living organisms, especially in bones. It is thus reasonable to monitor the level of fluoride in human and animal tissues. It can have positive or negative effects on humans and animals, though it is more commonly detrimental. Animal research on the topic has been conducted for many years and is capable of suggesting good bioindicators for environmental fluoride pollution. The aim of this study was to investigate the concentration of the fluoride ion in various tissues of invertebrates and vertebrates, including fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, small mammals, ungulates, and predators. Additionally, this research identifies some bioindicative animal species.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
Three different fissure sealants (Fuji Triage/GC, Fissurit FX/Voco and Grandio Seal/Voco) were examined. Ten discs of each material were prepared. Each disc was incubated with distilled water and then the solution analyzed for diluted for fluoride concentration, using a combination of fluoride electrode (OrionGP 1 S/N 13824, Orion Research Inc, Boston, MA, USA) connected to an expandable ion analyzer (Orion 720A, Orion Research Inc, Boston, MA, USA). Standard curves between 1 and 100 ppm F- were used to calibrate the electrode. Cumulative fluoride release was measured on days 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 21, 35 and 49, then two different fluoride varnishes/pastes (Profluorid Varnish/Voco, MI Paste Plus/GC), were applied to the sealants tested, and fluoride release (after reuptake) was measured on days 56, 70 and 84.
RESULTS:
Kruskal Wallis test confirmed significant differences in fluoride release between Fuji Triage/GC and Fissurit FX/Voco and Grandio Seal/Voco from day 1 (P < 0.001). The application of fluoride varnish Profluorid Varnish enhanced the fluoride release for all sealants (P < 0.05). MI Paste Plus enhanced the fluoride release for all sealants except for Fuji Triage/GC (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS:
The GIC-based sealant (Fuji Triage/GC) released significantly more fluoride than the resin sealants tested. The exposure to the fluoridated varnish (Profluorid Varnish) significantly recharged the sealants tested more than the CPP-ACPF toothpaste (MI Paste Plus).
The aim of the study was to determine the role of alcoholic drinks as a potential source of dietary fluoride by means of measuring fluoride levels in selected alcoholic drinks available on the Polish market that are also diverse in terms of the percentage content of ethanol. The study was conducted on 48 types of drinks with low, medium, and high alcohol content available on the Polish market and offered by various manufacturers, both Polish and foreign. Fluoride concentrations in individual samples were measured by potentiometric method with a fluoride ion-selective electrode. The highest fluoride levels were determined in the lowest percentage drinks (less than 10 % v/v ethanol), with the lowest fluoride levels observed in the highest percentage drinks (above 40 % v/v ethanol). In terms of types of alcoholic drinks, the highest fluoride levels were determined in beers and wines, while the lowest levels were observed in vodkas. These data confirm the fact that alcoholic beverages need to be considered as a significant source of fluoride delivered into the body.
INTRODUCTION:
Fluoride varnishes play a pivotal role in inhibition of dental caries by increasing remineralization.
AIM:
To determine the longevity of fluoride release from 3 different fluoride varnishes over a period of time through salivary fluoride estimation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Twenty four extracted human deciduous anterior teeth were divided into four groups, i.e., ClinproTM XT, Flouritop SR, Flourprotector and Control group. Fluoride varnishes were applied on 3mm x 3mm window on labial surface of the teeth and then the teeth were immersed and stored in artificial saliva. The concentration of fluoride in ppm was measured after 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. Fluoride release at each time interval for different groups was statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Post Hoc Tukey’s test.
RESULTS:
Although all the fluoride varnishes released fluoride, with greatest release observed during 1(st) week by Fluoritop SR (66.92±16.30ppm), ClinproTM XT Varnish released consistently and substantially more fluoride than Fluoritop SR and Fluorprotector during 6 months analysis (p<0.05). Fluorprotector showed the lowest rate of F release among all the groups compared.
CONCLUSION:
Over a period of 6 months ClinproTM XT Varnish released consistently and substantially more fluoride than other tested products.
This review found that supervised regular use of fluoride mouthrinse by children and adolescents is associated with a large reduction in caries increment in permanent teeth. We are moderately certain of the size of the effect. Most of the evidence evaluated use of fluoride mouthrinse supervised in a school setting, but the findings may be applicable to children in other settings with supervised or unsupervised rinsing, although the size of the caries-preventive effect is less clear. Any future research on fluoride mouthrinses should focus on head-to-head comparisons between different fluoride rinse features or fluoride rinses against other preventive strategies, and should evaluate adverse effects and acceptability.
Dental caries continues to be the most prevalent human condition1. Although countless efforts have been made to decrease the high prevalence of the disease, data worldwide clearly show that little improvement has been achieved. The latter is a reality that the dental profession must face and take immediate action. If important resources have been dedicated and many professionals are struggling with caries day by day, why have we not been capable to decrease the high prevalence of the disease? If researchers, policymakers and clinicians do not understand current caries pathogenesis, it is very difficult to design strategies that are pertinent and efficient.
AIM:
Doing a meta-analysis to answer the question: “Does fluoride tablets prevent dental caries among children and adolescents?”
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A review of the literature is performed using the following databases: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, NHS Evidence Oral Health, PsycINFO, Web of Knowledge, Metalib. The keywords used are dental fluoride, fluoride tablets. The studies analyzed was limited to English language with free abstract. For the studies selection was taken into consideration the criteria proposed by the Cochrane Oral Health Group.
RESULTS:
Few studies with good quality were identified in general. Only 3 out of 779 studies were acceptable.
CONCLUSIONS:
Evident disagreements among the results show that there’s a limited effectiveness on fluoride tablets.
Because topical fluoride is considered to be beneficial for oral health, fluoride release and recharge features have been added to various restorative dental materials. These materials act as a rechargeable reservoir that can release fluoride, be recharged with fluoride, and then re-release fluoride, thus ensuring the availability of fluoride over a longer period of time. The ability of these materials to deliver the optimal concentration of fluoride required for various therapeutic actions for dental health has resulted in their popularity. This paper reviews the fluoride releasing materials and the therapeutic effects of the released fluoride.